Understanding Skin Cancer
Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer in the United States, with an estimated 9,500 people diagnosed every single day. With such high numbers, it is important to understand what skin cancer is, who is susceptible, how it can be prevented, and most importantly, how it can be treated. Here's what you need to know about this disease and why it's important to be aware of your skin's health.
Are There Different Types of Skin Cancer?
Skin cancer occurs when cells in the skin begin to grow uncontrollably, forming tumors or lumps on the surface of the skin. There are three main types of skin cancer, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. The Cleveland Clinic reports that melanoma "is the most invasive skin cancer with the highest risk of death." With early detection and skin cancer treatment, it is still curable, however.
Who Is At Risk?
Anyone can develop skin cancer, but some people are at a higher risk than others due to certain conditions or lifestyle factors. These factors include:
- Fair skin
- Blue or green eyes
- Naturally blonde or red hair
- Skin prone to burning
- Freckles
- Prolonged exposure to UV rays from sunlight or tanning beds
- Weakened immune system
- Age (people over 50 are more likely)
- Family history of skin cancer
Knowing your personal risk factors can help you take steps toward prevention or early detection. It is important to note, however, that anyone can get skin cancer, regardless of their risk level. In fact, having five or more sunburns in your life will double your chances of getting skin cancer.
What Is Skin Cancer Detection?
As with any cancer, early detection is key. To detect skin cancer, you must examine your body for any suspicious spots or changes in your skin. Look for:
- Abrasions that won't heal
- Red scaly patches or sores
- Freckles that are growing in size or changing shape
- Bumps, nodules, or ulcerations
- Any moles that are asymmetrical in shape, have irregular borders, or have multiple colors
If you notice any of these signs, you should see a doctor right away. If you are unsure or uncomfortable checking yourself for skin cancer, you can do it with a partner or schedule a skin cancer screening with a dermatologist.
What Are Skin Cancer Treatment Options?
The first step in treating any type of skin cancer is making sure it is correctly diagnosed by a medical professional. If it is determined that you have skin cancer, there are several treatment options available depending on the type and severity, including:
- Surgery
- Radiation
- Chemotherapy
- Targeted therapy (which uses drugs specifically designed to target certain types of cancers).
In addition to skin cancer treatment, there are lifestyle changes that can be made, such as wearing sunscreen every day, even on cloudy days, and seeking shade whenever possible to reduce sun exposure.
Understanding what skin cancer is and who may be at greater risk can help you make informed decisions about your own health and well-being when it comes to preventing this disease. If you have any signs or symptoms associated with this skin cancer, please consult your doctor immediately.